The era of modern scientific skin care started in the 1950's when Dr. Reiss realised that wrinkled skin could be minimised by using topical retinyl palmitate. Much later Dr. Albert Kligman realised that vitamin A acid (Tretinoin, retinoic acid) could reduce wrinkles and smooth skin. He termed the word "cosmeceutics". "Cosmeceutics" means that both pharmaceutical and medical science has been used in formulating the product. Dr. Des Fernandes employed the same principles when he formulated the EnvironŽ range - all ingredients used have a scientific basis for their inclusion.